Howard's End: by E. M. Forster.

A good exposé of caste system as understood - perhaps not so named, but well entrenched for all that - in UK, generally Europe, and even in US all except the aristocracy bit (and even that, albeit not supposedly so). Those that have money look down on those that do not, although those that have been brought up having it and expecting to continue the life that money allowed them to live are then in uncertain circumstances when money is not quite there for whatever reason - a will, an entailed estate, whatever.

A lover might then jilt a perfectly wonderful young woman with aplomb upon discovery - or with prior knowledge - of her penury or a little straitened circumstances resulting in lack of a sumptuous dowry, and expect no harsh consequences for himself; rather, she must expect to be socially outcast for having a well to do male trifle with her as if she were able to afford a dowry suitable to purchase his betrothal.

An older male with wealth might notice a younger woman in straitened circumstances and propose marriage to her expecting her gratitude, even that of her whole family, along with a prompt acceptance; after all he is providing her and them with a shelter and food on table, and they must see to his convenience in all things concerned no matter what else transpires.

If a young woman with no money takes up with a man of education and higher aspirations and attempts to help him out of a tender heart, she stands to be ridiculed or worse if he is married and - or - less well to do.

When all of the above come together in one story, it makes for quite a social commentary on the social hypocrisy regarding the said caste system of west, dealing with interactions of rich, poor and in between, their expectations and aspirations, education and dreams of a life with art and music and literature.